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Unit injector (UI) is an integrated direct fuel injection system for diesel engines, combining the injector nozzle and the injection pump in a single component. The plunger pump used is usually driven by a shared camshaft. In a unit injector, the device is usually lubricated and cooled by the fuel itself. == History == In 1911, a patent was issued in Great Britain for a unit injector resembling those in use today to Frederick Lamplough. Commercial usage of unit injectors in the U.S. began in early 1930s on Winton engines powering locomotives, boats, even US Navy submarines,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.rypn.org/RyPN/articles/viewarticles.asp?filename=061130231209.txt )〕 and in 1934, Arthur Fielden was granted U.S. patent No.1,981,913〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/1981913.html )〕 on the unit injector design〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/1981913.pdf )〕 later used for the General Motors two-stroke diesel engines. Most mid-sized diesel engines used a single pump and separate injectors, but some makers, such as Detroit Diesel and Electro-Motive Diesel became well known for favoring unit injectors, in which the high-pressure pump is contained within the injector itself. E.W. Kettering's 1951 ASME presentation goes into detail about the development of the modern Unit injector. Also Cummins PT (pressure-time) is a form of unit injection where the fuel injectors are on a common rail fed by a low pressure pump and the injectors are actuated by a third lobe on the camshaft. The pressure determines how much fuel the injectors get and the time is determined by the cam. In 1994, Robert Bosch GmbH supplied the first electronic unit injector for commercial vehicles, and other manufacturers soon followed. In 1995, Electro-Motive Diesel converted its 710 diesel engines to electronic fuel injection, using an EUI which replaces the UI. Today, major manufacturers include Robert Bosch GmbH, CAT, Cummins, Delphi,〔 〕 Detroit Diesel, Electro-Motive Diesel.〔http://europe.autonews.com/article/20051017/ANE/510170842/denso-targets-french-us-automakers〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「unit injector」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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